10 World's Richest Tech Companies in 2011

Here are 10 Most Richest Tech Companies that have made their way to the list by giving freshness in creating tech products with the available technology.

Apple

Apple's iPhone and iPad have pushed the US technology company to top of the list of the richest technology companies as well as the most valuable global brands in 2011. The computer company has made tremendous growth strides since it introduced the first iPhone in 2007. Worth an estimated $348 billion dollars with a $76 billion dollars cash reserve, makes Apple more financially fit than the US Treasury Dept with an estimate $74 billion in cash reserves.

The company, which is based in Cupertino, California, has been on a roll with the popularity of its iPad tablet computer and strong sales of the iPhone.

Google

Google is an American multinational public corporation invested in Internet search, cloud computing, and advertising technologies founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin. Google hosts and develops a number of Internet based services and products, and generates profit primarily from advertising through its AdWords program.

Google was named as the strongest brand in 2010 and the company has held the number one position for the last four years. This year, Google's value drop by 2 percent to 111.5 billion.

IBM (International Business Machine)

International Business Machines is an American multinational technology and consulting firm headquartered in Armonk, New York. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software, and it offers infrastructure, hosting and consulting services in areas ranging from mainframe computers to nanotechnology.

IBM's value increases 17 percent to over a billion this year mostly due to its ThinkPads which have been claimed as a great deal of the best business laptops. This value helps the company ranks at the third place in the list of the world's richest technology companies.

Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation is an American public multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA that develops, manufacture

s, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions. Microsoft's brand is estimated to $78 billion. It is placed as the world's fourth richest technology company.

Amazon.com

Jeff Bezos founded Amazon.com, in 1994 and the site went online in 1995. The name Amazon.com was chosen because the Amazon River is one of the largest rivers in the world and so the name suggests large size. Amazon.com started as an online bookstore, but soon diversified, selling DVDs, CDs, MP3 downloads, computer software, video games, electronics, apparel, furniture, food, and toys.

Amazon is now the leading retail brand in the world. The value of the world's fifth richest technology company increases 37 percent in comparison to last year and is estimated at billion.

HP

HP is a technology company that operates in more than 170 countries around the world. Hewlett-Packard or simple called HP is named as the world's sixth

richest technology company. Generated revenue of $3.7 billion, up 12%, accounting for 12% of total HP revenue.

RIM

The value of the world's seventh richest technology company RIM is down 20 percent this year compared to 2010. RIM's listed shares were down 20 percen

t to $23.58, after touching a low of $22.52 earlier. The sell-off, which wiped out $3 billion of RIM's market capitalization, underscored how bad times have become for the one-time Smartphone leader.

Facebook

Facebook is claimed as the world's eighth richest technology company this year. Facebook is now number one in display advertising, which is

a $2 billion business for them. Facebook is the enabler of social games, which is now a multibillion dollar industry, and takes a cut through advertising and credits.

Intel

An exploding market for microprocessors used in cloud computing servers led to a 162% jump in Intel's earnings though the company was late to get

into tablets. In addition, its chips strengthen many of the games and tasks used on tablets. With the company's value of over $13 billion, it holds ninth position in the list of the world's richest technology companies in 2011 belongs to Intel.

Samsung

Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., a leading mobile phone provider was mentioned as the world's tenth richest technology company in 2011. It announced revenues of 39.44 trillion on a consolidated basis for the second quarter ended June 30, 2011, a 4 percent increase year on year.

For the quarter, the company posted consolidated net income of 3.51 trillion, representing an 18 percent decrease year on year. Consolidated operating profit for the quarter was 3.75 trillion won.

Top 10 Gold Producing Nations

Here is the list of countries with most gold production, a survey done by British Geological Survey (BGS).:

1. China

Gold mining in the People's Republic of China has recently made that country the world's largest gold producer for the third time in history with 320,000 kg per year.

China is one of the earliest cultures begin making of jewellery in Asia around 500 years ago. Their designs were very religion oriented and contained. The traditions of the country is still continues till now.

2. USA

The United States is the largest importer of goods and third largest exporter. The first time gold was introduced in Virginia in 1782 and the gold producti

on was increased in United States in the year of 1980. Now U.S. produces 223,323 kg of gold per year.

3. Australia

Australia is the world's thirteenth largest economy and has the world's seventh-highest per capita income. Gold mining in Australia is the fourth largest commodity sector, behind iron ore, crude oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG) and produces 222,000 kg of gold per year.

The history of gold mining in Western Australia dates back to the 1880s but took on some larger dimensions in the 1890s, after gold discoveries at Coolgardie and Kalgoorlie and reached an early peak in 1903. In between, the industry declined a number of times, like during the two world wars, experiencing an absolute low point in 1976.

4. Russia

Covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area, Russia, has the largest reserves of natural gas and well reputed to have an expansive mineral wealth including coal, cobalt, copper, diamond, lithium, nickel, oil, silver, as well as gold.

Russia has a big gold reserve in the world and produces 205,236 kg per year.

5. South Africa

South Africa is the world's biggest producer of platinum, and one of the leading producers of gold, diamonds, base metals and coal.

South Africa is the world's biggest gold supplier and almost 50 percent of the world's gold reserves are found here. The country produces 197,628 kg per year.

6. Peru

Peru is a developing country with a market-oriented economy. Its main economic activities include agriculture, fishing, mining, and manufacturing of products such as textiles.

Peru produces 182,390 kg of gold per year.

7. Indonesia

Indonesia has a mixed economy in which both the private sector and government play significant roles. The country has the largest economy in Southe

ast Asia and a member of the G-20 major economies. It produces 127,716 kg of gold per year.

8. Canada

Canada is one of the world's wealthiest nations and also in the list of world's top 10 trading nations, with a high per-capita income. It is also a member of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and the G8.

Canada is also famous for the gold jewelry business and produce 97,367 kg of gold per year.

9. Ghana

Ghana is the country with fastest growing middle income economy. It is also reputation as one of the world's most successful gold explorers.

Endowed with natural resources like Aluminum, bauxite Manganese, Diamond, Petroleum and as well as gold Ghana is Africa's second-largest gold producer with 97,197 kg of gold production per year.

10. Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan is the world's tenth largest gold producer. Gold is the primary metal produced here, which boasts the largest gold reserves as well as the world's fifth largest gold reserves. It produces enough gold to make the world's seventh largest gold producing country.

It is also a regionally significant producer of natural gas, coal, copper, oil, silver and uranium.
Uzbekistan produces 73,000 kg of gold per year.

Mysterious Evidence of Life on Red Planet

The Red Solar Neighbour has fascinated us from time immemorial. Mars is the most earth like planet in our Solar System. Scientists and Astronomers have for quite some time now tried to explore the possibility of life conditions on Mars. Mars has always remained mysterious as it has left innumerable hints on its past civilizations in photographs that have been decoded in various ways as to suggesting that the Red Planet once supported life.

There is no conclusive evidence that life ever existed on Mars. However, there are some photos taken by the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) that point to life forms on Mars, and others that support evidence of intelligent life.

Plant life on Mars

This photo points to sand dunes on Mars, and is located in the southern hemisphere of the Red Planet. It resembles aerial view of Earth's deserts covered by shrubs. A Hungarian research team, studying these photos on similar areas believes that the black dots are living trees or shrubs. The NASA research teams, however, disagree. Their findings suggest that the dark spots are the effects of defrosting process on Mars and are not signs of life.

Mars Trees

This is another photo that is much like spread trees, when seen from above. The renowned author Arthur C. Clarke feels they are like Earth's Banyan trees. Many photos taken during different times of a year, show that these forms change with seasons, growing during the increased warmth of Mars's spring season, just like any vegetation. NASA has again rejected this theory, and explained these away as defrosting phenomenon.

Tunnel like Tubes

There have been some images with structures that look more artificial than natural. One of such photos shows a fascinating tunnel like structure, resembling an uneven tube. The structure partially under surface terrain seems as though it has been unearthed by a geologic process. NASA's theory on these structures is that they are quiet natural and are only sand dune rows.

One needs to understand that these are only theories and NASA's stance is no better than Hungarian theory.

Glass Tubes

These are among the most mysterious structures to have been photographed on Mars's surface. They are like long translucent tubes supported by rows of arches. There have been many guesses on this object. Some feel these could be large water channels funneling water from one area to another. Others say these are one of geological anomalies of Mars.

Mars Ports

This supposed 'port' is a structure on a Martian cliffside that resembles a two-story building constructed for a mysterious purpose. The first floor walls of the 'port' are facing camera and in shadow. The second floor is at 45-degree angle to the first floor. Located on the roof of the second floor is a sharp circle, similar to helipads on tall buildings. Beside this structure is a huge U-shaped drain, flowing a great deal of liquid.

Mars Tower

The "Mars Tower" seems very much like a tall tower having a white tip, casting extensive shadow around. It is around 6 kilometers high, about 10 times higher than the largest skyscraper on Earth. Many have wondered whether these are just optical illusions or an artificial structure of a lost civilization on Mars.

Mars PyramidsMars Pyramids

In Cydonia area of Mars, there are many anomalous structures. Below this region is a group of structures that have been called "pyramids". They have smooth triangular sides strikingly resembling the Egyptian Pyramid.

Mars Riverbed

Scientists have always refuted the presence of water on Mars. This photo taken by Mars Express Orbiter in a way challenges their theories. Resembling a blue green "something", these patches are very much like a water body. Are there actual riverbeds on Mars? Recently Scientists found "water everywhere" on the Red Planet. Or are they a kind of blue-green algae or lichen anomalous to Mars?

China to Launch 25 Satellites in 2011

China will have launched 20 rockets and 25 satellites by the end of 2011, an aerospace expert said Sunday.

"This year, we are supposed to launch 20 rockets and 25 satellites, a number that would put China in second place after Russia," Xinhua quoted Yuan Jiajun, deputy general manager of China Aerospace and Technology Corporation as saying.

It confirms, Yuan said, that China's space projects have entered a stage of high-intensity development and launching.

He, however, did not clarify how many satellites and rockets have been launched in the first 10 months of 2011.In 2010, China launched 15 rockets to send 20 satellites into orbit.

NUclear power plant model work done by M.Mohanram

 

 

Inside the Containment Structure

Measure the Height of a Tree

TREE FELLING OR LUMBERMAN'S METHOD         Hold a stick upright in your outstretched hand. More backward away from the flagpole (or tree) you want to measure. Sight to the flagpole in such a way that the tip of the stick covers the top of the pole. The place where your thumb is, is its foot. Then swing the tick 90 degrees to a horizontal position. Notice the point where the tip of the stick hits the ground. Pace the distance from this point to the foot of the flagpole to get its height.
SHADOW METHOD Height of the tree = Length of the Staff x Length of Shadow of the Tree Length of the Shadow of Staff
REFLECTION METHOD         Place a washbasin with muddy water on the ground between you and the tree, at a point, which you estimate to be approximately as far away from the tree as the tree is high.  step back from the basin a distance equal to that from your eyes to the ground. You should now see the top of the tree reflected in the water. If not, move basin (keeping yourself at the same distance from the washbasin) until you see the treetop reflected. The distance from the basin to the foot of the tree is the tree height.
B.P.'s METHOD Height of the tree (AX) = CX x DB BC
PENCIL METHOD         Place a buddy whose height you know against the tree, or make a mark of your own height on the trunk. Step back, hold a stick or pencil up before you in your outstretched hand. With one ye closed, measure off on the stick with your thumbnail the height of your buddy. Then move the stick up to see how many times this measurement goes into the height of the tree. Multiply the height of your buddy with the number found. This gives you the height of the tree.
	INCH-TO-FOOT METHOD         Note the length of the staff from the ground to the point where sighting line cuts the staff in inches. The height of the tree will be same in feet.

India's Dying Babies

The government hospitals in India have become a nightmare to expectant mothers. The amount of infants death have tolled up and causing a fear among the poor who come to the doors of government hospitals as they cannot afford private hospitals or nursing homes reports Pooja Kashyap for TNN.

Neonatal deaths have become a serious issue with many babies dyeing from past 6 months. Is it because our government hospitals are ill-equipped and overburdened?

A survey states that India accounts for 30 percent of neonatal deaths out of 3.9 million worldwide.
BC Roy Post-Graduate Institute of Paediatric Sciences yet again on Wednesday was haunted by crib deaths. 11 babies reportedly died at the hospital in the space of 40 hours, including four on Wednesday morning. Authorities claimed that the infants had been brought in a critical state and couldn't have been saved, but parents of the infants alleged negligence on the part of the hospital. More than twenty infants had died at the hospital in three days last June.

Between July 8 and 10 - 24 infants died in the space of 72 hours in two government hospitals of Murshidabad in West Bengal. Ten days earlier, 18 newborns perished in Kolkata's B C Roy Hospital, and in January, 21 babies died in yet another government hospital in Kolkata. A string of incubator deaths, too, has been reported from hospitals across the country - in Nagpur, Patiala, Ahmedabad and other towns over the last few years.

Another incident of the neonatal deaths was when 5 newborn babies died under mysterious circumstances in the infants' ward of a hospital in Vijaywada, triggering protest by parents who alleged that their children died due to faulty incubators. Doctors at the old government general hospital claimed that three of the babies had died a natural death. Nine newborn babies are currently in incubators and the condition of one of them is said to be critical.

Dr Satish Saluja, senior consultant, neonatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, believes public sector healthcare facilities are "seriously overstretched with paucity of trained medical staff and inadequate availability of beds." Medical facilities like incubators are not of "optimal standards" and childcare facilities are neither "well organised nor universally available" as quoted by Times of India.

Patna-based paediatrician Dr Akhilanand Thakur says that even "better-known" government hospitals in Bihar are not well-equipped to deal with emergency cases involving newborns. This, in turn, has a different spiral. With round-the-clock medical facilities a distant dream in rural areas, many children are born at home. It is no surprise then that the single largest contributor to neo-natal deaths is the high numbers of births in home settings, under the supervision of untrained attendants. "It's probably easier and cheaper to have another child than to save the one who needs medical intervention," Thakur says with a touch of irony.

Why We Celebrate Diwali?

Diwali the 'Festival of lights' is one of the biggest and grand festivals of India. The word Diwali means 'row of lamps'. It is one of the main festivals that falls under Hinduism. It's celebrated to commemorate the victory of good over the evil, light over darkness and knowledge over ignorance. The reason of celebration differs from region to region in India.

The festival falls between mid- October and mid-November. During the period of time, everyone worship goddess Lakshmi and also many traditional activities are performed during the five day celebration.

1. Birth of Lakshmi

It is said that the occasion of Diwali is actually the birth anniversary of Goddess Lakshmi. As per Legends, the Goddess of wealth, Lakshmi was re-incarnated on the new moon night of the Kartik month. This is why Diwali is celebrated to mark the importance of this day and seek the blessings of Goddess of prosperity

2. Return of Pandavas

The great epic Mahabharata says, it was Kartik Amavashya when the Pandavas returned from 12 years of exile to Virata kingdom as a result from banishment by Kauravas at the game of dice. The Pandavas were welcomed by the people by lighting earthen lamps. Since then Diwali is celebrated to mark the return of Pandava brothers after a long rigorous exile.

3. Victory of Rama

Diwali is the day when it is said that Lord Rama returned to his kingdom Ayodhya after conquering Lanka. Lord Rama was exiled by his father Dashratha, the King of Ayodhya, along with his wife Sita and his younger brother Lakshman.

Lord Rama returned to his Kingdom Ayodhya after 14 years of exile, in which he put an end to the demon Ravana of Lanka. After this victory of Good over Evil, Rama returned to Ayodhya and people welcomed them by lighting rows of clay lamps. So, it is an occasion in honor of Rama's victory over Ravana or Truth's victory over Evil.

4. Krishna killed Narakasura

Narakasura ruled the kingdom of Pradyoshapuram. Puranas says he has acquired immense power from a blessing given by Lord Brahma after a severe penance. Under his rule, the villagers suffered a lot of hardship as the demon tortured the people and kidnapped the women to be imprisoned in his palace with his invincible might.

Unable to bear the tyranny of the demon, the celestial beings pleaded with Lord Krishna to save them from his torture. Lord Vishnu in his 8th incarnation as Krishna destroyed the demon Narakasura and rescued 16,000 women from his captivity. The celebration of this freedom went on for two days including the Diwali day as a victory festival and the story is a reminder that good can still come out of evil.

Top 10 Horror Games

1. BioShock

BioShock is a first person shooter video game developed by 2K Boston, designed by Ken Levine and supported by PC, PS3 and Xbox 360.

Little ammo, no allies, no weapons, dark environment; these all create a situation making you vulnerable, and that is what a horror game plays on. The scare comes from the possibility that something will jump out, shock you, and eat you alive-end of the game.

Like most horror games, as you get further and further, you grow increasingly powerful, diffusing much of the fear and tension, but Bios hock haunts throughout the game.

2. Left 4 Dead 2

Left 4 Dead 2 is a cooperative first person shooter video game. The game launched in 2009 for Windows and Xbox 360 and, later in 2010 was available for Mac.

The premise of game is simple; you and three of your friends must fight your way through hordes of zombies towards a safe house or extraction point, but if you stray too far from your friends, you might be picked off by a hunter zombie or strangled by a smoker zombie. This zombie thriller will have you racing for safe areas, while fighting off hordes of zombies. The new zombies and environments will have your heart jumping.

3. Resident Evil 4

Resident Evil 4 is a survival horror third person shooter video game developed by Capcom Production Studio 4. There are currently several editions of the original Resident Evil for sale, but the Resident Evil 4 is scarcest game within.

The premise of the game is the strong suit. You are trapped in a mansion filled with zombies. To escape, you have to kill as many zombies, zombie dogs, and zombie plants as you can. This game is just a giant front for an evil corporation that has facilities beneath and has to solve a puzzle or twelve to make any progress.

Resident Evil 4 has a number of great moments, but the best may be the opening scene. Trapped in a macabre European village, Leon Kennedy is forced to hide in attics and behind houses as the populace tries to kill him. It's a masterfully designed level that is both open-ended and claustrophobic, and does well to set the tone for the rest of the game.

4. Dark Souls

Dark Souls is an action adventure, role playing game video game developed and published for PlayStation 3 and published for both PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 by Namco Bandai Games.

The game focuses on dungeon crawling and the tension and fear that arise when players encounter enemies in this setting. The game is a spiritual successor to Demon's Souls. It takes place in an open world environment and allows players to light Bonfires, which functiond as respawn locations. These bonfires also replenish health, magic, and special items like Estus flasks, limited vials that restore health. The player has to battle using various weapons and strategies to survive in a dark fantasy world. Online features allow players to share the play experience without need for direct communication.

There are more weapons, spells, and new classes. It is also said to be 'significantly harder', with more enemies and more difficult encounters. It includes leaving messages to other players, seeing others' deaths, and player versus player.

5. Amnesia: The Dark Descent

Amnesia: The Dark Descent is a survival horror adventure game by Frictional Games, who previously developed the Penumbra series and released for Windows, Mac OS X, and GNU/Linux platforms, the game features an unarmed character exploring a dark and foreboding castle, while avoiding monsters and other obstructions and solving puzzles.

Players will take on the role of Daniel as he awakens to find himself in a mysterious castle with no memory about his past. Not only will players explore through the physical castle, they will also experience Daniel's tormented memories as he slowly regains them. The game does not give the player access to weapons. As such, the player must use their wits to escape and hide from the monsters, until they lose interest in finding the player. The monsters are very capable of tearing down doors in their path and kicking obstacles out of the way.

6. Limbo

Limbo is a puzzle platform video game developed by Playdead and released in 2010 as a platform exclusive title on Xbox Live Arcade.

The

player controls the boy throughout the game. As is typical of most two dimensional platform games the game is presented through dark, grayscale graphics, with minimalist ambient sounds, creating a creepy, haunting environment. The dark visuals also hide numerous environmental and physical hazards, such as deadly bear traps on the forest floor, or lethal monsters hiding in the shadows, such as a giant spider. Among the hazards are glowing worms, which attach themselves to the boy's head and force him to travel in one direction, until removed.

7. Dead Nation

Dead Nation is a shooter video game for PS 3 developed by Housemarque and released in 2010. It takes place in a fictional world afflicted by a zombie.

The player can play as a male or female character and fight, and they are awarded with money when zombies are killed. Money is used to purchase and upgrade weapons and multipliers grant better scores. Each time players are hit, they lose health. Players fight their way through ten levels, using weapon shops that allow weapon upgrading and armor swapping. During the levels, players can find chests that hold ammunition, multipliers, money, or armor pieces. At times the players are trapped in areas where they must survive until they have accomplished a certain goal. Armor sets influence strength, endurance and agility.

8. Dead Island

Dead Island is a first person horror action-adventure video game developed by Techland and published by Deep Silver for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360. It was originally announced at E3 2006, but was pushed back to 2011 and was released on September 6, 2011.

Dead Island is noteworthy for not just its survival horror elements, but its RPG and FPS elements as well. As your character progresses throughout the story, certain skills will level up and become stronger, turning them from a frightened survivor into an unstoppable zombie slayer.

9. Deadly Premonition

Deadly Premonition is an open world survival horror video game developed by Access Games for Xbox 360 and published by Ignition Entertainment in 2010. The game was notable for introducing open world and horror theme to the survival horror genre.

The game gives the player the freedom to explore the town Greenvale and choose events and activities to participate in alongside mandatory sequences which advance the overall story. York is controlled from an over the shoulder perspective, he must stop moving in order to aim and fire his laser sighted weapons. He may explore the environments on foot, or use one of the cars to travel long distances at speed. These cars must be maintained, as they consume fuel, which York must purchase, and accumulate damage which will render them useless unless York pays for their repair. He himself must also be maintained, as he requires food and sleep at regular intervals. He must also shave and change his clothes periodically or his hygiene-related scores will suffer.

10. Dead Space 2

Dead Space 2 is a survival horror third person shooter video game developed by Visceral Games and published by Electronic Arts for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. Unlike its predecessor, Dead Space 2 has a multiplayer mode. A Collector's Edition is available for all three platforms.

The game works best when you are not fighting anything at all, when you are just exploring the space station. But that is because you know that an attack can come from anywhere. Monsters pop out of ducts without warning, and while you have some powerful weapons, ammo is still a precious commodity. Like a good horror movie, even making the right choices does not mean you will be able to keep all your friends alive. Just keeping your own sanity is victory enough when the world is crumbling around you.